five learning questions

1. Can environment affects the lives of the child? why?

2. Have you felt being neglected by your family? how did you cope up from it?

3. Do you have any regret happened on your life? what is that?

4. What experiences of your life boost you to become YOU right now?

5. Can you consider your house as a home? why?

.. ECED REQUIREMENTS...

FIVE COMMON PROBLEMS OF EARLY CHILDHOOD

1. Temper Tantrum

Occasional temper tantrums are normal in toddlers, and only persistent or very severe tantrums are abnormal. The immediate cause is often unwitting reinforcement by excessive attention and inconsistent discipline on the part of the parents. When this arises it is often because the parents have emotional problems of their own or because the relationship between them is unsatisfactory.
Temper tantrums usually respond to kind but firm and consistent setting of limits. In treatment it is first necessary to discover why the parents have been unable to set limits in this way. They should be helped with any problems of their own and advised how to respond to the tantrums.

2. Sleep Problem

The most frequent sleep difficulty is wakefulness at night, which is most frequent between the ages of 1 and 4 years. About a fifth of children of this age take at least an hour to get to sleep or are wakeful for long periods during the night. When wakefulness is an isolated problem and not very distressing to the family, it is enough to reassure parents that it is likely to improve.
When sleep disturbances are severe or persistent, two possible causes should be considered. First, the problems may have been made worse by physical illness or an emotional disorders. Second, they may have been exacerbated by the parents excessive concern and inability to reassure the child. If no medical or psychiatric disorder is detected, the reasons for the parents concerns should be sought and dealt with as far as possible. Some parents overstimulate their child in the evening, or condone crying in the night by taking the child into their own bed. A behavioral approach to these problems is generally helpful (Richman et al. 1985). The handbook by Douglas and Richman (1984) is useful for parents.

3. Reactive attachment disorder of infancy and early childhood

This term denotes a syndrome starring before the age of 5 years and associated with grossly abnormal care-giving. There are two subtypes: inhibited and disinhibited. Children in the first subgroup may show a combination of behavioral inhibition, vigilance, and fearfulness, which is sometimes called frozen watchfulness. These children are miserable, difficult to console, and sometimes aggressive. Some fail to thrive. Such behavior is seen among children who have been abused. Children with the disinhibited subtype of the disorder relate indiscriminately to people, irrespective of their closeness, and are excessively familiar with strangers. Such behavior has been described most clearly in children raised in institutions. In DSM-IV, the diagnosis is made when the disturbance of relationships appears to be a direct result of abnormal care-giving. ICD-10 does not use this criterion but requires that the behavior is present in several situations.

 

4. Communication Disorder (developmental disorders of speech and language)

Children vary widely in their achievement of speech and language. Half of all children use words with meanings by 12.5 months and 97% do so by 21 months. Half form words into simple sentences by 23 months (Neligan and Prudham 1969). Vocabulary and complexity of language develop rapidly during the pre-school years. However, when children start school, 1% are seriously retarded in speech and 5% have difficulty in making themselves understood by strangers. The process by which language is acquired is complex and is still not fully understood.

Causes of communication disorder

No cause can be found in the majority of children with speech and language disorders. These cases are said to have specific developmental speech and language disorder. It is most important to detect the primary conditions, that are present in the minority. The most common of these causes is learning disability. Other important causes are deafness, cerebral palsy, and pervasive developmental disorder. Social deprivation can cause mild delays in speaking or add to the effects of the other causes.

5. Child Anxiety

In ICD-10, anxiety disorders in childhood are classified as emotional disorders with onset specific to childhood. DSM-IV does not contain this category and with two exceptions classifies childhood anxiety disorders in the same way as anxiety disorders in adult life. The exceptions are separation anxiety disorder and reactive attachment disorder, which are listed under the heading 'other disorders of infancy, childhood or adolescence'. ICD-10 has a diagnosis of sibling rivalry disorder. DSM-IV does not have this diagnosis in the main classification, but sibling relationship problems can be coded under 'other conditions that may be the focus of clinical attention'.

..my hopeful thoughts..

     It was late in the evening when I saw my mom crying. I was bother at that time so I asked her what is the problem.. She didn't answer me but I understand  that already. Lately, We found out that my mother had a SIS at her back. Because of financial problem, We cannot accommodate of operation.
    That was a nightmare for me. We asked our relatives to help us for the operation but I know that most of them had  problem also when it comes to financial. So until now, Im hoping for my mother's operation. Im hoping that she will be strong to face this kind of problem. i know that GOD can help us.